systemd-analyze – analyze system boot-up performance
systemd-analyze provides boot performance analysis and debugging tools for systemd systems.
Synopsis
systemd-analyze [COMMAND]
Examples
Boot time summary
$ systemd-analyze
Startup finished in 2.345s (kernel) + 5.678s (userspace) = 8.023s
graphical.target reached after 5.432s in userspace
Blame (slowest units)
$ systemd-analyze blame
5.123s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
2.456s snapd.service
1.234s docker.service
0.987s systemd-udev-settle.service
...
Critical chain
$ systemd-analyze critical-chain
graphical.target @5.432s
└─multi-user.target @5.431s
└─docker.service @4.197s +1.234s
└─network-online.target @4.196s
└─NetworkManager-wait-online.service @1.234s +2.962s
Plot to SVG
$ systemd-analyze plot > boot.svg
Verify unit files
$ systemd-analyze verify /etc/systemd/system/myservice.service
Security analysis
$ systemd-analyze security nginx.service
Common Patterns
Find boot bottlenecks
$ systemd-analyze blame | head -10
Check service dependencies
$ systemd-analyze critical-chain nginx.service
Optimize boot time
- Check blame for slow services
- Disable unnecessary services:
systemctl disable service - Check critical-chain for dependencies
Tips
- Disable slow services: If not needed at boot
- Plot is visual: Generate SVG for detailed view
- Security check: Audit service sandboxing
- Verify units: Check syntax before enabling
See Also
Related Commands
- systemctl — Manage services
- journalctl — View logs
