Entries Tagged 'Basic stuff' ↓
May 7th, 2008 — Basic stuff, Scripts, Unix
Hi! If you're new here, you may want to subscribe to the Unix Tutorial RSS feed to get regular tips & tricks for all flavors of Unix. Thanks for visiting!
Any Unix shell script longer than a line will most likely involve using variables. Variables are used to store temporary values to simply using them in various Unix commands of your script. The beauty of using variables is that they can be evaluated and set ones, but then reused as many times as you like without your shell interpreter having to re-evaluate them again.
Defining a variable in Unix shell
To specify a value for a variable, you need to decide on the variable name - can be any word or combination of English alphabet symbols and digits, and specify the value.
Continue reading →
April 7th, 2008 — Basic stuff, Linux
Very quick tip for you today, I just see that many of visitors of this block are curious how they can find a directory in Unix - and so here's a command to help you do just that.
Finding directories in Unix
There's nothing better than to employ the find command. As you might remember, among many things, this wonderful tool allows you to search files by their type. Since nearly everything in Unix is a file, this means you can find directories.
Continue reading →
March 28th, 2008 — Basic stuff
I see this question a lot in search engines requests which point to this blog. And if you're so interested how this is done, I'm happy to explain.
March 26th, 2008 — Basic stuff
To some this may seem like a trivial task, but I see great interest from Unix/Linux beginners arriving to this blog: how exactly does one confirm what a symlink points to?
First of all, if you haven't already done so - read my Unix Symlink Example post to learn what a symlink is and to refresh your mind about creating symlinks.
Continue reading →
March 24th, 2008 — Basic stuff, Linux, Ubuntu
I see that my Finding Large Files and Directories post is quite popular, yet there are a few more ways to simplify your search for the largest disk space consumers in your Unix system.
Make find command show file sizes
If you remember, the default way a find command reports results includes only the fully qualified (that means including the full path) filenames.
Now, if you look at a task of identifying the largest files, it's great if you can get a list of all the files bigger than some figure your specify, but what would be even better is to include the exact size of each file right into the output of the find command.
March 20th, 2008 — Basic stuff
Surprisingly, I see quite a fe questions around file ownership asked all the time. And one of the first questions asked concerns the Unix user who owns a particular file.
It's very easy to confirm who the owner of a file is, and you can do it using the ls command.
February 14th, 2008 — Basic stuff, Unix
I can see some of you have arrived to my Unix file types post looking for an example of using symlinks in Unix. Today I would like to give you a quick introduction into Unix symlinks.
What is symlink?
Symlink is a short name for symbolic link (sometimes also referred as soft link) is a special type of file in Unix, which references another file or directory. Symlink contains the name for another file and contains no actual data. To most commands, symlinks look like a regular file, but all the operations (like reading from a file) are referred to the file the symlink points to.
January 30th, 2008 — Basic stuff
If you know the name of a particular user on your Unix system and just want to confirm the primary Unix group (gid) of this individual, just use the id command:
$ id -g greys
115
Continue reading →
January 21st, 2008 — Basic stuff
bash (Bourne Again SHell) comes with pretty much every Unix-like OS these days. If you ever wonder what exact version of bash shell you have on your system, here's how you find out: just use the –version parameter in the command line.
Using /bin/bash to tell its version
On RedHat Linux, this is how it might look:
bash-2.05b$ /bin/bash –version
GNU bash, version 2.05b.0(1)-release (i386-redhat-linux-gnu)
Copyright (C) 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Continue reading →
January 15th, 2008 — Basic stuff, Unix
I've noticed how many people found other pages of this blog trying to find more information about Unix sockets, and so I thought it's about time we shed some light on this seeming mysterious, but really simple concept.
What is a Unix socket?
A Unix socket (the technically correct name for it is Unix domain socket, UDS) is a way of inter-process communication (IPC) in Unix. Like almost everything in Unix, a socket is a file. It's a special file, to be precise. Unix processes which want to communicate between each other use special set of functions to access the special file of a Unix socket, and easily exchange data in both directions.
In very simple terms, a Unix socket is nothing but a byte steam - a data transfer between processes running locally or on networked Unix systems.